The use of microorganisms to degrade waste is an established practice in wastewater treatment plants. However, the population of naturally occurring microorganisms is sometimes unable to keep up with the waste supply. A sudden surge in contaminants or filamentous bacteria can overload a system. Cold weather can slow microbial activity, decelerating waste degradation. A low oxygen supply can also hinder efficient treatment processes and increase odors.

The use of microorganisms to degrade waste is an established practice in wastewater treatment plants. However, the population of naturally occurring microorganisms is sometimes unable to keep up with the waste supply. A sudden surge in contaminants or filamentous bacteria can overload a system. Cold weather can slow microbial activity, decelerating waste degradation. A low oxygen supply can also hinder efficient treatment processes and increase odors.